Abstract
The relation between trace element levels in drinking water and cognitive function was investigated in a population-based study of elderly residents (n = 1,016) in rural China in 1996-1997. Cognitive function was measured using a Chinese translation of the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. A mixed effects model was used to evaluate the effect of each of the elements on cognitive function while adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Several of the elements examined had a significant effect on cognitive function when they were assessed in a univariate context. However, after adjustment for other elements, many of these results were not significant. There was a significant quadratic effect for calcium and a significant zinc-cadmium interaction. Cognitive function increased with calcium level up to a certain point and then decreased as calcium continued to increase. Zinc showed a positive relation with cognitive function at low cadmium levels but a negative relation at high levels.
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Protective effect of ascorbic acid and Ginkgo biloba against learning and memory deficits caused by fluoride.
Fluoride is present in the ground water, World Health Organization permitted level of fluoride in the ground water is 0.5 ppm. Tooth pastes, mouth washes, tea and sea fish are the sources of fluoride. Exposure to these multiple sources results in several adverse effects in addition to the fluorosis. The
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The relationships between thyroid-stimulating hormone and/or dopamine levels in peripheral blood and IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations.
Highlights TSH is not related IQ in children with different urinary iodine concentrations. Dopamine in plasma is unrelated to IQ in children with adequate or excessive iodine. Dopamine has positive correlation with intelligence in iodine deficiency group. The interaction between dopamine in plasma and TSH is not related to
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Effects of high fluoride intake on child mental work capacity: Preliminary investigation into the mechanisms involved.
A study was carried out on 157 children, age 12–13, from a coal-burning fluorosis endemic area together with an experiment looking into the effect of high fluoride intake in animals. The results showed that early, prolonged high fluoride intake causes a decrease in a child’s mental work capacity and that prolonged high uptake of fluoride causes a child’s levels
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Neuroprotective influence of taurine on fluoride-induced biochemical and behavioral deficits in rats.
Highlights Influence of taurine was studied in rat model of fluoride neurotoxicity. Taurine reversed the fluoride-induced neurobehavioural deficits. Taurine decreased intracellular hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. Taurine reversed the fluoride-induced inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Taurine may be a potential therapeutic agent in fluoride-mediated neurotoxicity. Epidemiological and experimental studies have
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[Effects of chronic fluorosis on neurobehavioral development in offspring of rats and antagonistic effect of Vitamin E]
Objective: To study the effect of chronic fluorosis on neurobehavioral development, the ability of learning and memory in offspring of rats, and the antagonistic effect of antioxidant Vitamin E (Vit E). Methods: According to body weight, forty-five 1-month-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of 30 females and 15 males were divided into three
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Fluoride Is Not an Essential Nutrient
In the 1950s, dentists believed that fluoride was a “nutrient.” A nutrient is a vitamin or mineral that is necessary for good health. Dentists believed that fluoride ingestion during childhood was necessary for strong, healthy teeth. A “fluoride deficiency” was thus believed to cause cavities, just like a deficiency of calcium can
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Fluoride & Oxidative Stress
A vast body of research demonstrates that fluoride exposure increases oxidative stress. Based on this research, it is believed that fluoride-induced oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying the various toxic effects associated with fluoride exposure. It is also well established that fluoride's toxic effects can be ameliorated by exposure
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Fluoride's Direct Effects on Brain: Animal Studies
The possibility that fluoride ingestion may impair intelligence and other indices of neurological function is supported by a vast body of animal research, including over 40 studies that have investigated fluoride's effects on brain quality in animals. As discussed by the National Research Council, the studies have consistently demonstrated that fluoride, at widely varying concentrations, is toxic to the brain.
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Fluoride Exposure Increases Metabolic Requirement for Magnesium
Fluoride's toxicity is significantly enhanced in the presence of nutritional deficiencies. Similarly, fluoride exposure increases the body's requirement for certain nutrients. An individual with a high intake of fluoride, for example, will need a proportional increase in calcium to avoid the mineralization defects (e.g., osteomalacia) that fluoride causes to bone
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NRC (2006): Fluoride's Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects
The NRC's analysis on fluoride and the brain.
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